гçí³ ñïîñîáè ñåìàíòèçàö³¿ ëåêñèêè (ID:460924)
Çì³ñò
Ç̲ÑÒ
ÂÑÒÓÏ…………………………………………………………………………..........3
ÐÎÇÄ²Ë I ÒÅÎÐÅÒÈ×Ͳ ÏÅÐÅÄÓÌÎÂÈ ÍÀÂ×ÀÍÍß ËÅÊÑÈÊÈ Â ÏÎ×ÀÒÊÎÂ²É ØÊÎ˲ …………………………………………………………….6
1.1. Îñîáëèâîñò³ íàâ÷àííÿ ëåêñèêè íà ïî÷àòêîâîìó åòàï³ ……………6
1.2. Ö³ë³ òà òðóäíîù³ íàâ÷àííÿ ëåêñèêè ó ïî÷àòêîâ³é øêîë³ 12
ÐÎÇÄ²Ë ²² ÌÅÒÎÄÈÊÀ ÔÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍß ËÅÊÑÈ×Íί ÊÎÌÏÅÒÅÍÖ²¯ …18
2.1. гçí³ ñïîñîáè ñåìàíòèçàö³¿ ëåêñèêè 18
2.2. Âèêîðèñòàííÿ êîìï’þòåðíèõ òåõíîëîã³é ó íàâ÷àíí³ ëåêñèêè ó÷í³â 23
2.3. Êîìïëåêñ âïðàâ äëÿ íàâ÷àííÿ ëåêñèêè………………………………………. 29
ÂÈÑÍÎÂÊÈ…………………………………………………………………………. 36
ÑÏÈÑÎÊ ÂÈÊÎÐÈÑÒÀÍÈÕ ÄÆÅÐÅË……………………………………….... 38
ÄÎÄÀÒÊÈ ……………………………………………………………………………40
Çðàçîê ðîáîòè
ÐÎÇÄ²Ë 2
ÌÅÒÎÄÈÊÀ ÔÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍß ËÅÊÑÈ×Íί ÊÎÌÏÅÒÅÍÖ²¯
2.1. гçí³ ñïîñîáè ñåìàíòèçàö³¿ ëåêñèêè
Ïðîöåñ îçíàéîìëåííÿ ç íîâèìè ëåêñè÷íèìè îäèíèöÿìè ïî÷èíàºòüñÿ, ÿê ïðàâèëî, ç ñåìàíòèçàö³¿, òîáòî ðîçêðèòòÿ çíà÷åííÿ íîâèõ ËÎ. [4, ñ.25]
Ñåìàíòèçàö³ÿ ëåêñèêè – öå ðîçêðèòòÿ çíà÷åííÿ ñëîâà. Âñ³ ð³çíîìàí³òí³ ñïîñîáè ñåìàíòèçàö³¿ ìîæíà ïîä³ëèòè íà äâ³ ãðóïè: ïåðåêëàäí³ (íåïðÿì³) òà áåçïåðåêëàäí³ (ïðÿì³) .
Äî ïåðåêëàäíèõ ñïîñîá³â â³äíîñÿòü:
- îäíîñë³âíèé ïåðåêëàä (bird – ïòàõ, salt – ñ³ëü);
- áàãàòîñë³âíèé ïåðåêëàä (go – éòè, ¿õàòè, ëåò³òè, ïëèâòè);
- ïîôðàçîâèé ïåðåêëàä – öåé ñïîñ³á çàñòîñîâóºòüñÿ â ³íòåíñèâíèõ ìåòîäàõ, ñóòí³ñòü ïîëÿãຠâ òîìó, ùî íîâèé íàâ÷àëüíèé ìàòåð³àë ñïî÷àòêó ñïðèéìàºòüñÿ ó÷íÿìè â ö³ëîìó ó òåêñò³-ïîë³ëîç³ ÷è ñèòóàö³¿ (ïàðàëåëüíå ðîçòàøóâàííÿ òåêñòó â ï³äðó÷íèêó ³íîçåìíîþ òà ð³äíîþ ìîâàìè) ³ ñòຠçðîçóì³ëèì çàâäÿêè ïî ôðàçîâîìó ïåðåêëàäó íà ð³äíó ìîâó);
- òëóìà÷åííÿ çíà÷åííÿ ³/àáî ïîÿñíåííÿ ËÎ ð³äíîþ ìîâîþ (big – âåëèêèé, îçíà÷ຠâåëè÷èíó, ðîçì³ð; go – ðóõàòèñÿ áóäü-ÿêèì ñïîñîáîì â³ä äàíî¿ òî÷êè);
- äåô³í³ö³ÿ/âèçíà÷åííÿ (watch – ãîäèííèê, ùî íîñÿòü íà ðóö³ àáî â êèøåí³).
Äî áåçïåðåêëàäíèõ ñïîñîá³â ðîçêðèòòÿ çíà÷åíü ³íøîìîâíèõ ëåêñè÷íèõ îäèíèöü â³äíîñÿòüñÿ:
1) íàî÷íà ñåìàíòèçàö³ÿ – äåìîíñòðàö³ÿ â÷èòåëåì ïðåäìåò³â, ìàëþíê³â, ñëàéä³â, æåñò³â, ðóõ³â òîùî, ÿê³ çîáðàæàþòü íîâ³ ëåêñè÷í³ îäèíèö³, ùî äຠìîæëèâ³ñòü ñòâîðèòè ïðÿì³ àñîö³àö³¿ ì³æ ïðåäìåòàìè òà ³íøîìîâíèìè ñëîâàìè áåç ó÷àñò³ ð³äíî¿ ìîâè;
2) ìîâíà ñåìàíòèçàö³ÿ – ñåìàíòèçàö³ÿ íîâèõ ëåêñè÷íèõ îäèíèöü, à îñîáëèâî êîíêðåòíî¿ ³íîçåìíî¿ ìîâè, ÿêà ìîæå çä³éñíþâàòèñü çà äîïîìîãîþ:
a) êîíòåêñòó, ³ëþñòðàòèâíîãî ðå÷åííÿ / ðå÷åíü (The basket weighs 5 pounds);
b) ç³ñòàâëåííÿ îäí³º¿ ËÎ ç ³íøèìè â³äîìèìè ËÎ ³íîçåìíî¿ ìîâè – çà äîïîìîãîþ àíòîí³ì³â ³ çð³äêà ñèíîí³ì³â (cold – warm, good – bad);
3) äåô³í³ö³¿ – îïèñó çíà÷åííÿ íîâî¿ ËÎ çà äîïîìîãîþ óæå â³äîìî¿ (à teenager – a person from 13 to 19 years of age);
4) òëóìà÷åííÿ çíà÷åííÿ ËÎ ³íîçåìíîþ ìîâîþ (sir – a respectful term to address a man;)[1, c. 225]
²íø³ ðîáîòè ç äàíî¿ êàòåãîð³¿: