²ÄÒÂÎÐÅÍÍß ÅÊÑÏÐÅÑÈÂÍÎÑÒ²  ÏÅÐÅÊËÀIJ ÀÍÃ˲ÉÑÜÊÈÕ ÅÊÎÍÎ̲×ÍÈÕ ÒÅÐ̲Ͳ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÎÞ ÌÎÂÎÞ (ÍÀ ÌÀÒÅвÀ˲ ÆÓÐÍÀËÓ “THE ECONOMIST”) (ID:158078)
Çì³ñò
Ç̲ÑÒ
ÂÑÒÓÏ………………………………………………………………………………..4
ÐÎÇÄ²Ë 1. ÎÑÎÁËÈÂÎÑÒ² ÏÅÐÅÊËÀÄÓ ÒÅÐ̲ÍÎËÎò×Íί ÑÈÑÒÅÌÈ ÀÍÃ˲ÉÑÜÊί ÌÎÂÈ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÑÜÊÎÞ………………………………………….8
1.1 Ñïåöèô³êà àíãëî-óêðà¿íñüêîãî ïåðåêëàäó òåðì³íîëîã³÷íî¿ ëåêñèêè…….......8
1.1.1 Ñëîâîòâîð÷³ òèïè òåðì³íîëîã³÷íèõ îäèíèöü òà ¿õ ïåðåêëàä……….…..8
1.1.2 Ïåðåêëàä îäíîêîìïîíåíòíèõ òåðì³í³â……………………………..…..16
1.1.3 Ïåðåêëàä áàãàòîêîìïîíåíòíèõ òåðì³í³â……………………………….21
1.2 ³äòâîðåííÿ àíãëîìîâíîãî åêîíîì³÷íîãî äèñêóðñó ó ïðîöåñ³
ïåðåêëàäó……………………………………………………………………………25
1.2.1 Ïåðåêëàä åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â ç àíãë³éñüêî¿ ìîâè óêðà¿íñüêîþ...….25
1.2.2 Çáåðåæåííÿ åêñïðåñèâíîñò³ â åêîíîì³÷íîìó äèñêóðñ³ ïðè
ïåðåêëàä³.....................................................................................................................31
1.2.3 Ôðàçîòåðì³íè â åêîíîì³÷í³é ñôåð³ àíãëîìîâíîãî äèñêóðñó òà ¿õ ïåðåêëàä……………………………………………………………………….…….38
Âèñíîâêè äî ðîçä³ëó 1………………………………………………………...……43
ÐÎÇÄ²Ë 2. ÏÅÐÅÊËÀÄ ÅÊÎÍÎ̲×ÍÈÕ ÒÅÐ̲Ͳ ÒÀ ¯Õ ÅÊÑÏÐÅÑÈÂÍÎÑÒ² ÍÀ ÌÀÒÅвÀ˲ ÆÓÐÍÀËÓ “THE ECONOMIST”…..…45
2.1 Ñïîñîáè ïåðåäà÷³ åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³íîëîã³÷íèõ îäèíèöü óêðà¿íñüêîþ ìîâîþ íà ìàòåð³àë³ æóðíàëó “The Economist”………………………………...…45
2.1.1 Ïåðåêëàä åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â çà äîïîìîãîþ òåðì³íîëîã³÷íîãî åêâ³âàëåíòà………………………………………………………………….…45
2.1.2 Òðàíñêîäóâàííÿ ÿê çàñ³á ïåðåäà÷³ åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â óêðà¿íñüêîþ ìîâîþ………………………………………………………………………..…51
2.1.3 Îñîáëèâîñò³ çàñòîñóâàííÿ êàëüêóâàííÿ ïðè ïåðåêëàä³ åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â……………………………………………………………………..….55
2.1.4 Ñïåöèô³êà îïèñîâîãî ìåòîäó ïåðåêëàäó åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â….....59
2.2 Ñïåöèô³êà â³äòâîðåííÿ åêñïðåñèâíîñò³ ïðè ïåðåêëàä³ åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³íîëîã³÷íèõ îäèíèöü íà ìàòåð³àë³ æóðíàëó “The Economist”…………...…64
2.2.1 Ïåðåêëàä ìåòàôîðèçîâàíèõ åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â, âèêîðèñòàíèõ ó æóðíàë³ “The Economist”…………………………………………………..…64
2.2.2 Ïåðåäà÷à àëþç³é òà îáðàçíèõ âèðàç³â ó åêîíîì³÷íîìó äèñêóðñ³ æóðíàëó “The Economist” ó ïðîöåñ³ ïåðåêëàäó……………………………..71
2.2.3 Ïåðåêëàä ôðàçåîëîã³çîâàíèõ åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â, âèêîðèñòàíèõ ó æóðíàë³ “The Economist”………………………………………………..……77
Âèñíîâêè äî ðîçä³ëó 2……………………………………………...………………80
ÂÈÑÍÎÂÊÈ……………………………………………………..………………….83
SUMMARY….……………………………………………………………….……...87
ÑÏÈÑÎÊ ÂÈÊÎÐÈÑÒÀÍÈÕ ÄÆÅÐÅË…..……………………...………....……91
ÄÎÄÀÒÎÊ ...……………………………………………………………………....100
Çðàçîê ðîáîòè
Óðèâîê ³ç ïðàêòè÷íî¿ ÷àñòèíè:
Êîæíå âèäàííÿ “The Economist” ì³ñòèòü âåëè÷åçíó ê³ëüê³ñòü ìåòàôîð òà ïîð³âíÿíü, ïîâ’ÿçàíèõ ³ç åêîíîì³êîþ òà ô³íàíñàìè: price bubbles pricked – ëóñíóëè ô³íàíñîâ³ áóëüáàøêè; house prices getting monetary medicine – ãðîøîâà òåðàï³ÿ äëÿ æèòëîâèõ ö³í; retailing behemoths arriving with a splash – ç òð³ñêîì óâ³ðâàëèñü ìàìîíòè ðîçäð³áíî¿ òîðã³âë³; both floods and flocks of job-seekers – ïîòîêè òà çãðà¿ áåçðîá³òíèõ; inflation ignited – ðîçïàëèëàñÿ ³íôëÿö³ÿ, cash-strapped Fiat – çá³äí³ëèé “Ô³àò”; prices inching up (àáî æ peaking, spiking, going north) – ö³íè ð³çêî çðîñòàþòü, ñÿãàþòü âåðøèí, çä³éìàþòüñÿ, ïðîñóâàþòüñÿ â ï³âí³÷íîìó íàïðÿìêó; a leaden overhang of shares – àêö³éíèé òÿãàð; giddying tax rises – çàïàìîðî÷ëèâå ï³äâèùåííÿ ïîäàòê³â òà ³í [102].
Ïåðåêëàä òàêèõ àíãë³éñüêèõ åêîíîì³÷íèõ òåðì³í³â çàñëóãîâóº îñîáëèâî¿ óâàãè. ßê â³äîìî, ìåòàôîðè÷í³ñòü ñòâîðþº ïåâíèé îáðàç, ùî çìåíøóº ñåìàíòè÷íó ³íôîðìàö³þ [57, 137]. Ïåðåêëàä òàêèõ òåðì³í³â âèìàãຠàáî ïîøóêó ìåòàôîðè÷íîãî óêðà¿íñüêîãî òåðì³íà, åêâ³âàëåíòíîãî çà çíà÷åííÿì, àáî íåìåòàôîðè÷íîãî â³äïîâ³äíèêà.
 îñòàííüîìó âèïàäêó çíèêຠïåâíà îáðàçí³ñòü, ïðèòàìàííà àíãë³éñüêîìó òåðì³íó, òà çìåíøóºòüñÿ ñåìàíòè÷íà êîìïðåñ³ÿ [44, 256]. Öå ïðèçâîäèòü äî çá³ëüøåííÿ ôîðìè âèðàæåííÿ óêðà¿íñüêîãî òåðì³íà: pegging prices – çàìîðîæóâàííÿ çàðîá³òíî¿ ïëàòè (peg îçíà÷ຠïðèù³ïêà), turnkey project – îá’ºêò, ùî çäàºòüñÿ ï³ä êëþ÷, sunrise industry – ãàëóçü, ùî çàçíຠï³äíåñåííÿ (sunrise îçíà÷ຠñõ³ä ñîíöÿ), piggy backing – îá’ºäíàííÿ ð³çíîð³äíèõ ïðîåêò³â.
Ñåðåä ìåòàôîð, âèêîðèñòàíèõ àâòîðàìè åêîíîì³÷íèõ ñòàòåé æóðíàëó “The Economist”, çóñòð³÷àþòüñÿ ÿê êîðîòê³ ïðîôåñ³éí³ òåðì³íè – îäíîñêëàäîâ³ ñëîâà àáî ïîºäíàííÿ ç äâîõ-òðüîõ ñë³â, òàê ³ ðîçãîðíóò³ âèñëîâëþâàííÿ – â³ä ÷àñòèíè ôðàçè äî àáçàöó àáî ñóêóïíîñò³ áëèçüêèõ çà çì³ñòîì ôðàç òà ¿õ êîìïîíåíò³â â ð³çíèõ ÷àñòèíàõ îäíîãî òåêñòó.
²íø³ ðîáîòè ç äàíî¿ êàòåãîð³¿: