Cognitive Functions of the Human Brain (ID:449519)

Basal Ganglia represent subcortical neural structures responsible for motor functions. They receive information from the cortex and brain stem, process and redirect it into the cortex, the medulla oblongata, and the trunk, providing coordination of movements. Hippocampus is a small subcortical structure in the shape of a seahorse. It plays a crucial role in the formation of memory - both in the classification of information and in the organization of long-term memory. Cortex. A thin layer of gray matter, collected in folds, that forms grooves and convolutions, giving the brain a distinctive look. The cortex is divided into two hemispheres, the right and left, separated by an interhemispheric fissure and connected by a corpus callosum, through which information is transmitted from one hemisphere to another. Each hemisphere controls one side of the body, while the control is asymmetric. This phenomenon is called the lateralization of the brain.