Global political efforts to solve the problem of climate change (ID:961962)

INTRODUCTION When we talk about the Earth's climate, we always want to note the importance of this leading factor and emphasize its global nature on the scale of the entire planet. After all, it is far from a secret that the climate is subject to change. The Earth's climate, as you know, has always interested the inhabitants of all countries. It was noticed a long time ago that the climate is subject to changes, sometimes serious ones. . The progress of these changes is closely monitored by scientists not only of the leading countries of the world, but also of most others. The study of the climate received a powerful impulse thanks to the increasing interest of the public in the problem of its change. And this is easily understandable, since the climate is one of the most important components of the life support system on the planet. Society expects accurate forecasts from scientists, and not only for the near future, but also for the entire XXI century [15]. Why is this problem relevant for the modern world and for Russia as well? Let's consider the main modern trends. At the end of the 20th century, the problem of global warming caused a great public outcry. It can be stated that the flow of newspaper publications and reports from other mass media in recent years paints a very contradictory picture. Therefore, many have the feeling that the level of knowledge on the mentioned issues is insufficient, therefore, science is unable to provide rigorous evidence of future climate changes. At the same time, it is worth emphasizing that the very fact of a significant increase in the average air temperature near the Earth's surface is beyond doubt. Many years of regular observations of a wide network of meteorological stations confirm the change in the average temperature. Academician V.M. Kotlyakov and other scientists indicate a value of 0.74oC for 100 years. The accuracy of the measurements and the statistical reliability of the results leave no doubt about the very fact of global warming. However, speaking about the urgency of the problem, it is important to understand how anthropogenic factors correlate with natural processes [14]. Thus, volcanic eruptions are extremely powerful natural phenomena, before which humanity was and remains powerless. On a scale of several years, volcanic eruptions can play a major role in climate cooling. The mechanism of this on the climate is quite well known. During an eruption, huge masses of aerosols are released - suspended particles that are carried by tropospheric and stratospheric winds and absorb part of the solar radiation, and this is the main effect of volcanism in this context [27]. therefore requires detailed analysis. A significant part of the work consists of consideration of both natural and anthropogenic factors, which affect the planet's climate. Also, an important place in the work is the study of climate from the point of view of methodology, how in school geography this question is actualized, in which classes this topic can be considered. The purpose of the study is to study and analyze the current change in the Earth's climate and the causes of this change. To realize the set goal, the following tasks were defined: 1. Consider the main factors of natural (natural) and anthropogenic climate change; 2. Analyze the causes of modern climate change; 3. Determine the consequences (positive and negative) of climate change; 4. Analyze climatic changes and name possible ways out of the climatic situation;